Data Communications Among Electronic Devices Within A Computer

ABSTRACT

Data communications among electronic devices within a computer, including transmitting, from a transmitting device to a first translation device, data communications encoded according to an unreliable wireline data communications protocol; translating, by the first translation device, the data communications from the encoding of the unreliable wireline data communications protocol to an encoding of a reliable wireless data communications protocol; transmitting, by the first translation device to a second translation device, the data communications according to the reliable wireless data communications protocol; translating, by the second translation device, the data communications from the encoding of the reliable wireless data communications protocol to the encoding of the unreliable wireline data communications protocol; and transmitting, by the second translation device to a receiving device, the data communications according to the unreliable wireline data communications protocol.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

1. Field of the Invention

The field of the invention is data processing, or, more specifically,methods, apparatus, and products for data communications amongelectronic devices within a computer.

2. Description of Related Art

The development of the EDVAC computer system of 1948 is often cited asthe beginning of the computer era. Since that time, computer systemshave evolved into extremely complicated devices. Today's computers aremuch more sophisticated than early systems such as the EDVAC. Computersystems typically include a combination of hardware and softwarecomponents, application programs, operating systems, processors, buses,memory, input/output devices, and so on. As advances in semiconductorprocessing and computer architecture push the performance of thecomputer higher and higher, more sophisticated computer software hasevolved to take advantage of the higher performance of the hardware,resulting in computer systems today that are much more powerful thanjust a few years ago.

As computer systems have become increasingly complex an increasingnumber of internal devices such as, for example, microcontrollers,low-speed peripherals, temperature, fan, or voltage sensors, have beenincorporated into modern computers. Such devices are often coupled fordata communications via an unreliable wireline data communications bussuch as, for example, an Inter-Integrated Circuit (‘I²C’) wireline datacommunications bus that implements the I²C bus protocol. The I²C busprotocol is a serial computer bus protocol for connecting electroniccomponents inside a computer that was first published in 1982 byPhilips. Although the I²C bus protocol is well-known and widely-popular,the I²C bus protocol does have certain limitations. Because of thesimple design of the I²C bus protocol, the I²C protocol does not supporterror checking such as, for example, parity checking, cyclic redundancychecking, error-correcting codes, and so on. Implementing datacommunications using the I²C bus protocol, therefore, may lead toundiscovered errors being introduced into the data transmitted over anI²C wireline data communications bus. Such undiscovered errors may causea computer system to malfunction or produce incorrect results.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Methods, apparatus, and computer program products are described for datacommunications among electronic devices within a computer, includingtransmitting, from a transmitting device to a first translation device,data communications encoded according to an unreliable wireline datacommunications protocol, the transmitting device and the firsttranslation device being electronic components of a computer, thetransmitting device coupled for data communications to the firsttranslation device by a wireline data communications bus; translating,by the first translation device, the data communications from theencoding of the unreliable wireline data communications protocol to anencoding of a reliable wireless data communications protocol;transmitting, by the first translation device to a second translationdevice, the data communications according to the reliable wireless datacommunications protocol; translating, by the second translation device,the data communications from the encoding of the reliable wireless datacommunications protocol to the encoding of the unreliable wireline datacommunications protocol; and transmitting, by the second translationdevice to a receiving device, the data communications according to theunreliable wireline data communications protocol, the receiving deviceand the second translation device being electronic components of thecomputer, the receiving device coupled for data communications to thesecond translation device by a wireline data communications bus.

The foregoing and other objects, features and advantages of theinvention will be apparent from the following more particulardescriptions of example embodiments of the invention as illustrated inthe accompanying drawings wherein like reference numbers generallyrepresent like parts of example embodiments of the invention.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG. 1 sets forth a block diagram of automated computing machinery thatincludes an example computer useful in data communications amongelectronic devices within a computer according to embodiments of thepresent invention.

FIG. 2 sets forth a flow chart illustrating an example method of datacommunications among electronic devices within a computer according toembodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 3 sets forth a functional block diagram illustrating an arrangementof devices capable of carrying out an example method of datacommunications among electronic devices within a computer according toembodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 4 sets forth a flow chart illustrating a further example method ofdata communications among electronic devices within a computer accordingto embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 5 sets forth a flow chart illustrating a further example method ofdata communications among electronic devices within a computer accordingto embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 6 sets forth a flow chart illustrating a further example method ofdata communications among electronic devices within a computer accordingto embodiments of the present invention.

FIG. 7 sets forth a flow chart illustrating a further example method ofdata communications among electronic devices within a computer accordingto embodiments of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EXEMPLARY EMBODIMENTS

Exemplary methods, apparatus, and products for data communications amongelectronic devices within a computer in accordance with the presentinvention are described with reference to the accompanying drawings,beginning with FIG. 1. FIG. 1 sets forth a block diagram of automatedcomputing machinery that includes an example computer (152) useful indata communications among electronic devices within a computer accordingto embodiments of the present invention. The computer (152) of FIG. 1includes at least one computer processor (156) or ‘CPU’ as well asrandom access memory (168) (‘RAM’) which is connected through a highspeed memory bus (166) and bus adapter (158) to processor (156) and toother components of the computer (152). Stored in RAM (168) is anapplication program (150), a module of user-level computer programinstructions for performing a specific function directly for a user or,in some cases, for another application program. Examples of applicationprograms include word processors, database programs, spreadsheets,browsers, and so on. Also stored in RAM (168) is an operating system(154). Operating systems useful data communications among electronicdevices within a computer according to embodiments of the presentinvention include UNIX™, Linux™, Microsoft XP™, AIX™, IBM's i5/OS™, andothers as will occur to those of skill in the art. The operating system(154) and the application program (150) in the example of FIG. 1 areshown in RAM (168), but many components of such software typically arestored in non-volatile memory also, such as, for example, on a diskdrive (170).

The computer of FIG. 1 also includes a transmitting device (104), areceiving device (110), a first translation device (106), and a secondtranslation device (108). The transmitting device (104) and the firsttranslation device (106) are coupled for data communications by awireline data communications bus (213), and the receiving device (110)and the second translation device (108) are coupled for datacommunications by a wireline data communications bus (214). The wirelinedata communications buses (213, 214) may optionally be the same kind ofwireline data communications bus, or not. A wireline data communicationsbus (213, 214) is a subsystem that facilitates data communicationsbetween computer components inside a computer or between computers overone or more wires. In the example apparatus of FIG. 1, a wireline datacommunications bus may be embodied, for example, as an I²C bus, a SerialPeripheral Interface (‘SPI’) bus, a System Management Bus (‘SMBus’), aIEEE 1149.1 (‘JTAG’) boundary scan bus, or as an any other wireline busas may occur to those of skill in the art. Data communications overthese wireline data communications buses (213, 214) are carried outaccording to an unreliable data communications protocol. Such protocolsare unreliable in the sense that the protocol does not ensure that datawill be delivered intact or delivered at all. An unreliable wirelinedata communications protocol is unreliable in the sense that theprotocol presents an attempt to deliver data but provides no mechanismto verify data arrives without error.

In the example apparatus of FIG. 1, the transmitting device (104) andthe receiving device (110) can be implemented as any device capable ofdata communications over a wireline data communications bus according toan unreliable data communications protocol. Whether a particular deviceis a transmitting device or a receiving device is a matter of usage. Asa practical matter, it is common for a wireline bus and an unreliableprotocol to be bidirectional, so that any device connected to the busfor communications can both transmit and receive. In such a context,whether a particular device is referred to as a ‘transmitter’ or as a‘receiver’ depends on its role or function at a particular point intime, whether the device is presently sending or receiving. Suchtransmitting devices and receiving devices may be implemented as, forexample, microprocessors, microcontrollers, low-speed peripherals,special purpose sensors, ADCs, DACs, memory modules, I/O modules, powersupplies, system clocks, and other devices as will occur to those ofskill in the art. Such transmitting devices and receiving devices mayincludes, for further examples, I²C master devices, I²C slave devices, aJTAG boundary scan device, an SPI master device, an SPI slave device, anSMBus master device, an SMBus slave device, and so on. The transmittingdevice (104) and the receiving device (110) in this example are coupledalso through wireline buses (211, 217) to the computer processor (156)and the RAM (168) respectively, so that the transmitting device and thereceiving device can exchange instructions or operating information, forexample, between the computer processor (156) and the RAM (168). In theexample of FIG. 1, the transmitting device (104) and the receivingdevice (110) are shown, with respect to the processor (156) and the RAM(168), as separate devices, although in other example embodiments, thetransmitting device or the receiving device will be incorporated intoanother device, such as, for example, a processor, a memory module, andso on.

A translation device (106) is an automated electronic device composed ofsynchronous or asynchronous logic and electrical interconnectionscapable of translating data communications encoded in one datacommunications protocol into data communications encoded in anothercommunications protocol, including translating data communicationsbetween an unreliable wireline data communications protocol encoding anda reliable wireless data communications protocol encoding. Such atranslation device can include a serial interface for connecting to awireline data communications bus, translation logic that carries outencodings from one protocol to another, and a differential pair orsingle wire interface for wireless data communications. Datacommunications according to embodiments of the present inventiontypically is carried out by use of two or more translation devices, sothat, for clarity of explanation in this specification, a translationdevice is sometimes referred to as a ‘first’ translation device or a‘second’ translation device. The use of the terms ‘first’ and ‘second,’however, is only an aid to explanation, not a technical feature ofapparatus that carries out data communications according to embodimentsof the present invention.

A translation device (106, 108) is an automated electronic devicecomposed of synchronous or asynchronous logic and electricalinterconnections capable of translating data communications encoded inone data communications protocol into data communications encoded inanother communications protocol. Such a translation device can include aserial interface for connecting to a wireline data communications bus,translation logic that carries out encodings from one protocol toanother, and a differential pair or single wire interface for wirelessdata communications. Data communications according to embodiments of thepresent invention typically are carried out by use of two or moretranslation devices, so that, for clarity of explanation in thisspecification, a translation device is sometimes referred to as a‘first’ translation device or a ‘second’ translation device. The use ofthe terms ‘first’ and ‘second,’ however, is only an aid to explanation,not a technical feature of apparatus that carries out datacommunications according to embodiments of the present invention. In theexample of FIG. 1, each translation device (106, 108) is coupled fordata communications over a wireless data communications connection(215). A wireless connection may be implemented, for example, as aWireless USB connection, a wireless TCP/IP connection, or in any way aswill occur to those of skill in the art.

The transmitting device (104), the receiving device (110), the firsttranslation device (106), and the second translation device (108) aredisposed within the computer on a printed circuit board (‘PCB’) (102)along with the processor, the RAM module, a bus adapter, a videoadapter, and several buses (162, 166, 160, 164), as well as othercomponents of the computer not illustrated here. The processor (156) andthe RAM module (168) communicate with one another through thetransmitting device (104) and the receiving device (110), but theprocessor and the RAM module are widely separated from one another onthe PCB (102). Without the wireless connection (215) provided by thetranslation devices (106, 108) according to embodiments of the presentinvention, the transmitting device and the receiving device would beconnected, along with other devices, by a large-topology wireline bus(using an unreliable protocol) that would include multiple drops, tees,and switches, greatly increasing the likelihood of communicationsfailures.

The transmitting device (104), the receiving device (110), the firsttranslation device (106), and the second translation device (108)operate together to carry out data communications among electronicdevices within the computer (152), according to embodiments of thepresent invention, in this fashion: The transmitting device transmits tothe first translation device data communications encoded according to anunreliable wireline data communications protocol. Such datacommunication can include, for example, operating instructions from aprocessor to a RAM module, requests for operating information directedfrom a processor to a RAM module, instructions from a processor to asystem clock to changes speeds, instructions from a processor to a powersupply to change power settings, and so on. The first translation devicetranslates the data communications from the encoding of the unreliablewireline data communications protocol to an encoding of a reliablewireless data communications protocol. Such a translation of encodingmay be represented by, for example, a translation from I²C encoding toWireless USB encoding, from SPI encoding to Wireless Ethernet encoding,and so on. The first translation device then transmits, to the secondtranslation device, the data communications according to the reliablewireless data communications protocol, and the second translation devicetranslates the data communications back, from the encoding of thereliable wireless data communications protocol, to the encoding of theunreliable wireline data communications protocol. The second translationdevice then transmits the data communications to the receiving deviceaccording to the unreliable wireline data communications protocol.

The computer (152) of FIG. 1 includes disk drive adapter (172) coupledthrough expansion bus (160) and bus adapter (158) to processor (156) andother components of the computer (152). Disk drive adapter (172)connects non-volatile data storage to the computer (152) in the form ofdisk drive (170). Disk drive adapters useful in computers for datacommunications among electronic devices within a computer according toembodiments of the present invention include Integrated DriveElectronics (‘IDE’) adapters, Small Computer System Interface (‘SCSI’)adapters, and others as will occur to those of skill in the art.Non-volatile computer memory also may be implemented for as an opticaldisk drive, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory(so-called ‘EEPROM’ or ‘Flash’ memory), RAM drives, and so on, as willoccur to those of skill in the art.

The example computer (152) of FIG. 1 includes one or more input/output(‘I/O’) adapters (178). I/O adapters implement user-orientedinput/output through, for example, software drivers and computerhardware for controlling output to display devices such as computerdisplay screens, as well as user input from user input devices (181)such as keyboards and mice. The example computer (152) of FIG. 1includes a video adapter (209), which is an example of an I/O adapterspecially designed for graphic output to a display device (180) such asa display screen or computer monitor. Video adapter (209) is connectedto processor (156) through a high speed video bus (164), bus adapter(158), and the front side bus (162), which is also a high speed bus.

The example computer (152) of FIG. 1 includes a communications adapter(167) for data communications with other devices (182). Such datacommunications may be carried out serially through RS-232 connections,through external buses such as a Universal Serial Bus (‘USB’), throughdata communications data communications networks such as IP datacommunications networks, and in other ways as will occur to those ofskill in the art. Communications adapters implement the hardware levelof data communications through which one computer sends datacommunications to another computer, directly or through a datacommunications network. Examples of communications adapters useful fordata communications among electronic devices within a computer accordingto embodiments of the present invention include modems for wired dial-upcommunications, Ethernet (IEEE 802.3) adapters for wired datacommunications network communications, and 802.11 adapters for wirelessdata communications network communications.

The arrangement of devices making up the automated computing machineryillustrated in FIG. 1 is for explanation, not for limitation. Automatedcomputing machinery useful according to various embodiments of thepresent invention may include additional servers, routers, otherdevices, and peer-to-peer architectures, not shown in FIG. 1, as willoccur to those of skill in the art. Networks in such data processingsystems may support many data communications protocols, including forexample TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), IP (Internet Protocol),HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol), WAP (Wireless Access Protocol), HDTP(Handheld Device Transport Protocol), and others as will occur to thoseof skill in the art. Various embodiments of the present invention may beimplemented on a variety of hardware platforms in addition to thoseillustrated in FIG. 1.

For further explanation, FIG. 2 sets forth a flow chart illustrating anexample method of data communications among electronic devices within acomputer (152) according to embodiments of the present invention. Theterm “computer” is used here in the broad sense of automated computingmachinery, including, for example, motherboards on personal computers orlaptops, personal digital assistants, motherboards on blade servers andother servers, computer components on embedded systems, cellular phones,other automated handheld devices, and so on, as will occur to those ofskill in the art. Such a computer (152) can be, for example, similar tothe one described above with reference to FIG. 1. The electronic deviceswithin the computer are connected together through an administrative,low-bandwidth network, such as, for example, I²C or SMBus, that isimproved by inclusion of translation devices for wireless datacommunications according to embodiments of the present invention byinclusion. The administrative, low-bandwidth network, such as I²C orSMBus, is referred to in this specification as a wireline datacommunications bus.

The method of FIG. 2 includes transmitting (202), from a transmittingdevice (104) to a first translation device (106), data communications(212) encoded according to an unreliable wireline data communicationsprotocol, to the first translation device by a wireline datacommunications bus (213). In the method of FIG. 2, the transmittingdevice (104) and the first translation device (106) are electroniccomponents of a computer (152), where the transmitting device is coupledfor data communications to the first translation device by a wirelinedata communications bus (213). As described above with reference to FIG.1, a wireline data communications bus is a subsystem that facilitatesdata communications between computer components inside a computer orbetween computers over one or more wires. In this example, datacommunications (212) over such wireline data communications buses arecarried out according to an unreliable data communications protocol.

The method of FIG. 2 includes translating (204), by the firsttranslation device (106), the data communications (212) from theencoding of the unreliable wireline data communications protocol to anencoding of a reliable wireless data communications protocol. A reliablewireless data communications protocol is a protocol that implements atleast some mechanism to verify that data is communicated withouttransmission errors, corruption, tampering, incorrect bits, droppedpackets, and so on. Such mechanisms for message security includechecksums, encryption, sequence numbering of packets within a message,and so on. Examples of reliable wireless protocols include Wireless USB,TCP/IP over wireless Ethernet, and so on. Verifying that data arrivedwithout error can be carried out, for example, by including a checksumin a data transmission. A checksum is generated by adding numeric valuesof components of a message and storing the total as a ‘checksum.’ Therecipient of data communications can verify that data arrived withouterror by performing the same operation on the message and comparing theresult to the checksum. If the result of addition by the recipientmatches the checksum, the recipient concludes that the message arrivedwithout corruption during transmission.

In the method of FIG. 2, translating the data communications from theencoding of the unreliable wireline data communications protocol to anencoding of a reliable wireless data communications protocol is carriedout by the first translation device (106), which is capable of datacommunications according to the unreliable wireline data communicationsprotocol and also capable of data communications according to thereliable wireless data communications protocol. The first translationdevice (106) carries out such a translation by decoding datacommunications (212) encoded in the unreliable wireline datacommunications protocol into a sequence of digital bits. Such a sequenceof digital bits is subsequently encoded by the first translation device(106) according to a reliable wireless data communications protocol suchthat the sequence of digital bits is preserved but encoded according toa different data communications protocol.

The method of FIG. 2 includes transmitting (206), by the firsttranslation device (106) to a second translation device (108), the datacommunications (218) according to the reliable wireless datacommunications protocol. In the method of FIG. 2, transmitting data canbe carried out, for example, by the first translation device (106)initiating a wireless data communications session with the secondtranslation device (108) and sending the translated data communications(218) to the second translation device during the data communicationssession. Because the translated data communications is sent over areliable wireless data communications protocol, the data communications(218) is checked for errors such as, for example, bit corruption orpacket loss. If an error is detected, a number of actions may be takenin response including retransmitting the data communications from thefirst translation device (106) to the second translation device (108).

The method of FIG. 2 includes translating (208), by the secondtranslation device (108), the data communications (218) from theencoding of the reliable wireless data communications protocol to theencoding of the unreliable wireline data communications protocol. In themethod of FIG. 2, the second translation device (108) is capable of datacommunications according to the unreliable wireline data communicationsprotocol and also capable of data communications according to thereliable wireless data communications protocol. The second translationdevice (108) carries out such a translation by decoding datacommunications (218) encoded in the reliable wireless datacommunications protocol into a sequence of digital bits. Such a sequenceof digital bits is subsequently encoded by the second translation deviceaccording to the unreliable wireline data communications protocol suchthat the sequence of digital bits is preserved but encoded according toa different data communications protocol.

The method of FIG. 2 includes transmitting (210), by the secondtranslation device (108) to a receiving device (110), the datacommunications (212) according to the unreliable wireline datacommunications protocol. In the method of FIG. 2, the receiving device(110) and the second translation device (108) are electronic componentsof the computer (152), the receiving device coupled for datacommunications to the second translation device by a wireline datacommunications bus (214). In the method of FIG. 2, transmitting data canbe carried out, for example, by the second translation device (108)initiating a wireline data communications session with the receivingdevice (110) and sending the translated data communications (212) to thereceiving device during the data communications session. Because thetranslated data communications is sent over an unreliable wireless datacommunications protocol, the data communications is not checked forerrors.

For further explanation, FIG. 3 sets forth a functional block diagramillustrating an arrangement of devices capable of carrying out datacommunications among electronic devices within a computer according toembodiments of the present invention. The example of FIG. 3 is similarto the example of FIG. 1, including as it does, a transmitting device(104), a receiving device (110), a first translation device (106), and asecond translation device (107, 108). The transmitting device (104) andthe receiving devices (110) are connected to the translation devices(106, 107, 108) by wireline buses (322). In this example, the wirelinebuses (322) are I²C buses, and the transmitting device (104) and thereceiving devices (110) are, respectively, an I²C master device and I²Cslave devices. In the example of FIG. 3, each translation device (106,107, 108) includes translation logic (305). Translation logic (305) issynchronous or asynchronous logic circuitry configured to translate datacommunications between encodings according to unreliable wireline datacommunications protocols and encodings according to reliable wirelessdata communications protocols. Translation logic (305) may be embodiedas a field-programmable gate arrays (‘FPGAs’), complex programmablelogic devices (‘CPLDs’), application specific integrated circuits(‘ASICs’), and in other ways as will occur to those of skill in the art.In the example of FIG. 3, one of the translation devices (107) includesa data communications switch (320). A data communications switch (320)is programmable logic capable of routing data communications to one ormore of the devices (110) connected to a translation device (107) thatincludes such a data communications switch

In the example of FIG. 3, the wireline data communications bus is an I²Cbus. An I²C bus is a wireline data communications bus that includes twobidirectional open-drain lines that carry information among devicesconnected to the bus, a serial data line (304) and a serial clock line(306). In this example, the fact that translation devices exist in thedata path between an I²C slave and an I²C master is completelytransparent to both the slave and the master. From the perspective ofthe master (104), signals on a bus (322) between the master and atranslation device (106) are transmitted directly to and receiveddirectly a slave device (104); and, from the perspective of a slavedevice (110), signals on a bus (322) between a slave device and atranslation device (107, 108) are transmitted directly to and receiveddirectly from a master device (104). The intervening translation andtransmission according to a reliable protocol is completely unknown tothe transmitting (104) and receiving devices (110), in this example, anI²C master and I²C slaves. Data to be transferred between thetransmitting device (104) and the first translation device (106) isplaced on the data line (304) which must be stable when the clock line(306) is in the HIGH voltage state. In the example of FIG. 3, the stateof the data line can only change when the clock signal on the clock lineis LOW. In the example of FIG. 3, bits of data to be transferred betweenthe transmitting device (104) and the first translation device (106) canbe represented, for example, by the HIGH and LOW voltage states on thedata line (304).

In the example of FIG. 3, data communications on the I2C buses arecarried out according to the I²C protocol, an unreliable wireline datacommunications protocol. The I²C bus protocol is a serial computer busprotocol for connecting electronic components inside a computer that isunreliable in the sense that it does supports no form of error checking,including, for example, parity checking, cyclic redundancy checking,error-correcting codes, and so on. Implementing data communicationsconnections using the I²C bus protocol, therefore, may lead toundiscovered errors being introduced into the data transmitted throughan I²C data communications connection. Moreover, as distances betweenslaves and master increase on modern, complex PCBs, with multiple dropsamong devices on the same bus, T-intersections, additional interveningswitch devices, and so on, data communications with an unreliableprotocol become even more unreliable. In an embodiment like the exampleof FIG. 3, the complex intervening bus structures are replaced with awireless transmission medium (312), more reliable than a complexwireline bus, upon which is utilized a reliable data communicationprotocol.

The example apparatus of FIG. 3, implements a reliable wireless datacommunications protocol as the Wireless Universal Serial Bus (‘WUSB’)protocol (313). The WUSB protocol is a short-range wireless radiocommunication protocol that governs the connection, communication, anddata transfer between a WUSB hub and WUSB devices. The WUSB protocolincludes, for example, regulations regarding the formatting of WUSBpackets and requirements regarding flow control between communicatingdevices. Each translation device (106, 107, 108) includes either a WUSBHub (324) or a WUSB device (326, 328). Each WUSB Hub (324) and WUSBdevice (326, 328) receives data communications through WUSB wirelesslinks (312) according to the WUSB data communications protocol and handsoff all such communications to a module of translation logic (305) fortranslation to I²C encoding. Each WUSB Hub (324) and WUSB device (326,328) receives from a module of translation logic (305) datacommunications that have been translated to WUSB encoding from I²Cencoding and transmits those data communications through the WUSBwireless links (312) according to the WUSB data communications protocol.

In the example of FIG. 3, the transmitting device (104) is an I²C masterdevice and the receiving device (110) is an I²C slave device. An I²Cmaster device is a device capable of data communications over an I²C bus(322) that initiates data communications by sending a start bit. Such amaster device identifies a slave device (110) with which it wishes toinitiate communication. An I²C slave device (110) is a device capable ofreceiving data communications over an I²C bus (322) in response to themaster device's request to initiate data communications with the slavedevice. Such a slave device (110) begins communications with a masterdevice by responding with an ACK bit in response to a master device'srequest to initiate data communications with the slave device.

In the example of FIG. 3, the first translation device (106) exposes anI²C slave interface (308) to the transmitting device (104) and a secondtranslation device (107, 108) exposes an I²C master interface (316) tothe receiving device (110). An I²C slave interface includes a set ofpins that enables a master device to physically connect to the data line(304) and the clock line (306) of an I²C bus (322). Through such aphysical connection, the I²C master device is able to affect line levelchanges to the state of the data line (304) and clock line (306) suchas, for example, affecting a change in the voltage level across eachline. An I²C master interface (318) is a set of pins that enables aslave device to physically connect to the data line (304) and the clockline (306) of an I²C bus (322). Through such a physical connection, theI²C slave device is able to affect line level changes to the state ofdata line (304) and clock line (306) such as, for example, affecting achange in the voltage level across the data line (304) and clock line(306).

In the example of FIG. 3, the first translation device (106) exposes awireless USB hub interface (310) to a second translation device (107,108) and a second translation device exposes a wireless USB spokeinterface (316) to the first translation device. Wireless USB is alogical bus that supports data communications between a host device andone or more peripherals. A wireless USB hub interface serves as aconnection point through which a wireless USB device can connect to awireless USB host. A wireless USB spoke interface serves as a connectionpoint through which a wireless USB host can communicate with a wirelessUSB device. Wireless USB devices attach to a host by sending the host amessage at a well defined time. The host and device then authenticateeach other using unique IDs and the appropriate security keys.

In the example of FIG. 3, the transmitting device (104), the receivingdevice (110), the first translation device (106), and the secondtranslation device (108) operate together to carry out datacommunications among electronic devices within a computer, according toembodiments of the present invention, in this fashion: The transmittingdevice (104), which in this example is an I²C master device, transmitsto the first translation device (106), across an I²C wireline bus (322),data communications encoded according to the unreliable I²C wirelinedata communications protocol. The first translation device (106)receives the communications through I²C interface (308), translates, byits translation logic module (305), the data communications from theencoding of the I²C protocol to an encoding of the reliable WUSBwireless data communications protocol. The first translation device thentransmits, to the second translation device, by its WUSB Hub (324)through its WUSB interface (310), the data communications according tothe reliable WUSB wireless data communications protocol. A secondtranslation device (107 or 108) translates the data communications back,from the encoding of the reliable WUSB protocol to the encoding of theunreliable I²C protocol. The second translation device then transmitsthe data communications, through an I²C interface (318) across an I²Cbus (322), to a receiving device (110) according to the unreliablewireline data communications protocol.

For further explanation, FIG. 4 sets forth a flow chart illustrating afurther example method of data communications among electronic deviceswithin a computer according to embodiments of the present invention. Themethod of FIG. 4 is similar to the method of FIG. 2, including as itdoes transmitting (202) data communications to the first translationdevice, translating (204) the data communications by the firsttranslation device, transmitting (206) the data communications to thesecond translation device, translating (208) the data communications bythe second translation device, and transmitting (210) the datacommunications by the second translation device. In the method of FIG.4, however, the unreliable wireline data communications protocol is theInter-Integrated Circuit (‘I2C’) protocol, the reliable wireless datacommunications protocol is the Wireless Universal Serial Bus (‘WUSB’)protocol, and the wireline data communications buses are I2C buses.

In the method of FIG. 4, transmitting (202) data communications from atransmitting device to a first translation device includes transmitting(402) communications (412) from a transmitting device (104) to a firsttranslation device (106) according to the I²C protocol. Datatransmissions according to the I²C protocol are permitted only when theI²C bus (418) is free. The I²C bus is free when both the data line andthe clock line are in the HIGH state. To initiate data transmission, thetransmitting device (104) creates a START condition by pulling the dataline low while the clock line remains in the HIGH state. After such aSTART condition has occurred, the bus is no longer free. Thetransmitting device (104) begins data transmission by iterativelypulling the clock line low, pulling low or releasing the data line asappropriate, and then releasing the clock line. When the transmittingdevice is finished with data communications, the transmitting device cancreate a STOP condition by transitioning the data line from the LOWstate to the HIGH state while the clock line is in the HIGH state.

In the method of FIG. 4, translating (204) the data communications fromthe encoding of the unreliable wireline data communications protocol toan encoding of a reliable wireless data communications protocol includestranslating (404) the data communications (412) from an I²C encoding toa wireless USB encoding. In the method of FIG. 4, translating the datacommunications (412) from an I²C encoding to a wireless USB encoding canbe carried out by measuring the voltage levels across the data line andclock line and outputting a digital value that represents datacommunications across the data line and clock line. In an I²C encodingdata values are read from the data line after the clock line transitionsfrom the LOW state to the HIGH state. If the data line is at the HIGHstate a digital ‘1’ has been transferred. If the data line is at the LOWstate a digital ‘0’ has been transferred. After all bits of data havebeen received from an I²C encoded data communications session, suchvalues are packetized according to the wireless USB protocol. Thegeneral structure of a wireless USB packet is that is contains apreamble, headers, and data which can be transmitted at a different ratethan the headers.

In the method of FIG. 4, transmitting (206) the data communications bythe first translation device (106) to a second translation device (108)includes transmitting the data communications (414) by the firsttranslation device (106) to a second translation device (108) accordingto the WUSB protocol. Data communications (414) according to the WUSBprotocol occur over channels through which bit streams are transmittedand received. Such bit streams are encoded into packets by a sender andencoded out of packets by a receiver. Transmitting the datacommunication by the first translation device (106) can therefore becarried out by transmitting the wireless USB packet created above over achannel to the second translation device (108). If the secondtranslation device (108) receives the USB packet intact, the secondtranslation device will subsequently acknowledge receipt of the packet.If the packet is not received intact, WUSB rules for recovering lostpackets will be invoked. In such a way, the WUSB protocol guaranteesadvancement of a data stream only after reliable data delivery.

In the method of FIG. 4, translating (206) the data communications fromthe encoding of the reliable wireless data communications protocol tothe encoding of the unreliable wireline data communications protocolincludes translating (408) the data communications (412) from the WUSBencoding to the I²C encoding. Translating (408) the data communications(412) from the WUSB encoding to the I²C encoding may be carried out, forexample, by translating the WUSB encoding into a sequence of bits andaffecting a sequence of signal level changes according to the I²Cprotocol that correspond to such a sequence of bits. The secondtranslation device (108) will initially attempt to create a STARTcondition by pulling the data line low. After affecting such a STARTcondition the second translation device can begin data transmission. Tocarry out data transmissions, the second translation device must firstpull the clock line low. When the second translation device (108) haspulled the clock line to the LOW state, the second translation devicecan then pull the data line LOW if the second translation device istransferring a digital ‘0’ or the second translation device can releasethe data line if the second translation device is transferring a ‘1’.The second translation device (108) must then release the clock line asthe data line will be sampled by the receiving device (110) when theclock line is in the HIGH state. The second translation device (108) cancontinue data translation in such a manner. When all digital values havebeen translated into signal level transitions, the second translationdevice can transition the data line from the LOW state to the HIGH statewhile the clock line is in the HIGH state, indicating a STOP condition.

In the method of FIG. 4, transmitting (210) the data communications bythe second translation device to a receiving device includestransmitting (410) the data communications (412) by the secondtranslation device (108) to a receiving device (110) according to theI²C protocol. Data transmissions according to the I²C protocol arepermitted only when the I²C bus (420) is free. The I²C bus is free whenboth the data line and the clock line are in the HIGH state. To initiatedata transmission, the second translation device (108) creates a STARTcondition by pulling the data line low while the clock line remainsHIGH. After such a START condition has occurred, the bus is no longerfree. The second translation device (108) begins data transmission byiteratively pulling the clock line low, pulling low or releasing thedata line as appropriate, and then releasing the clock line. When thesecond translation device (108) is finished with data communications,the second translation device (108) can create a STOP condition bytransitioning the data line from the LOW state to the HIGH state whilethe clock line is in the HIGH state.

For further explanation, FIG. 5 sets forth a flow chart illustrating afurther example method of data communications among electronic deviceswithin a computer according to embodiments of the present invention. Themethod of FIG. 5 is similar to the method of FIG. 2, including as itdoes transmitting (202) data communications to the first translationdevice (104), translating (204) the data communications by the firsttranslation device, transmitting (206) the data communications to thesecond translation device (108), translating (208) the datacommunications by the second translation device, and transmitting (210)the data communications by the second translation device. The examplemethod of FIG. 5, also like the method of FIG. 2, typically isimplemented on a computer similar to the one described above withreference to FIG. 1. In the method of FIG. 5, however, the encoding ofthe unreliable wireline protocol includes an encoding of digital bits assignal level transitions (508). A signal level transition is a change tothe state of a wireline including, for example, a change in the voltagelevel across a wireline. Encoding digital bits as signal leveltransitions can be carried out, for example, by changing the state of awireline at predefined intervals to reflect a particular sequence ofdigital bits. For example, a voltage of 5V across a wireline mayrepresent a bit value of 1 and a voltage of 3V across a wireline mayrepresent a value of 0. In such an example, a digital bit sequence of‘1101’ can be encoded as signal level transitions by affecting voltagelevels of 5V, 5V, 3V, and 5V across a wireline at successive intervals.

In the method of FIG. 5, the encoding of the reliable wireless protocolincludes an encoding of digital bits as digital values (512). Suchdigital values may be embodied, for example, as binary values,hexadecimal values, or in any other way as will occur to those of skillin the art. Encoding digital bits as digital values can be carried out,for example, by creating a digital value that represents a sequence ofdigital bits. For example, if a digital bit sequence of ‘1101’ isreceived, such digital bits can be encoded as a hexadecimal value of‘D’.

In the method of FIG. 5, translating (204), by the first translationdevice (106), the data communications (506) from the encoding of theunreliable wireline protocol to an encoding of a reliable wirelessprotocol includes translating (502) signal level transitions (508) ofthe unreliable wireline protocol into digital values of the reliablewireless protocol. In the method of FIG. 5, translating (502) signallevel transitions of the unreliable wireline protocol into digitalvalues may be carried out, for example, by measuring the voltage levelsacross the data line and clock line of a wireline bus (214) andoutputting a digital value that represents data communications acrossthe data line and clock line. The first translation device (106) willinitially wait for a START condition from the transmitting device (104)before translating the signal level transitions. Such a START conditionoccurs when the data line transitions from the HIGH to LOW state at thesame time that the clock line is in the HIGH state. Upon detecting sucha condition, the first translation device (106) begins to translate thesignal level transitions that follow. When the clock line transitionsfrom the LOW state to the HIGH state, a bit of data is ready to be readfrom the data line. The first translation device (106) thereforemeasures the voltage level across the data line. If the data line is atthe HIGH state the first translation device determines that a digital‘1’ has been transferred. If the data line is at the LOW state the firsttranslation device determines that a digital ‘0’ has been transferred.The first translation device (106) continues to detect the sequence oftransmitted bits until the first translation device detects that thedata line has transitioned from the LOW state to the HIGH state whilethe clock line is at the HIGH state, indicating a STOP condition. Thefirst translation device (106) can then packetize such a sequence ofbits into the format required by the reliable wireless protocol,including translating the digital bits as digital values (512).

In the method of FIG. 5, translating (208), by the second translationdevice (108), the data communications (506) from the encoding of thereliable wireless protocol to the encoding of the unreliable wirelineprotocol includes translating (504) digital values (512) of the reliablewireless protocol into signal level transitions (508) of the unreliablewireline protocol. In the method of FIG. 5, translating digital valuesinto signal level transitions may be carried out, for example, bytranslating the digital values into a sequence of bits and affecting asequence of signal level changes that correspond to such a sequence ofbits. The second translation device (108) will initially attempt tocreate a START condition by pulling the data line low. After affectingsuch a START condition the second translation device (108) can begindata transmission. To carry out data transmissions, the secondtranslation device (108) must first pull the clock line low. When thesecond translation device has pulled the clock line to the LOW state,the second translation device can then pull the data line low if thesecond translation device is transferring a digital ‘0’ or the secondtranslation device can release the data line if the second translationdevice is transferring a ‘1’. The second translation device (108) mustthen release the clock line as the data line will be sampled by thereceiving device (110) when the clock line is in the HIGH state. Thesecond translation device (108) can continue data translation in such amanner. When all digital values have been translated into signal leveltransitions, the second translation device can transition the data linefrom the LOW state to the HIGH state while the clock line is in the HIGHstate, indicating a STOP condition.

For further explanation, FIG. 6 sets forth a flow chart illustrating afurther example method of data communications among electronic deviceswithin a computer according to embodiments of the present invention. Themethod of FIG. 6 is similar to the method of FIG. 2, including as itdoes transmitting (202) data communications to the first translationdevice (106), translating (204) the data communications (212) by thefirst translation device, transmitting (206) the data communications tothe second translation device (108), translating (204) the datacommunications (218) by the second translation device, and transmitting(210) the data communications (218) by the second translation device(107). The example method of FIG. 6, also like the method of FIG. 2,typically is implemented on a computer (152) similar to the onedescribed above with reference to FIG. 1. In the method of FIG. 6,however, at least one of the translation devices (107) includes a datacommunications switch (320). In the method of FIG. 6, the translationdevice (107) that includes a data communications switch (320) isconnected to a plurality of receiving devices (110) that include thereceiving device (110). In the method of FIG. 6, each of the pluralityof receiving devices is separately connected to the translating deviceby a separate wireline data communications bus (214, 219). In the methodof FIG. 6, a translation device (107) that includes a datacommunications switch (320) can route data communications to any of theplurality of receiving devices (110) connected to the translation device(107). The switch (320) can be implemented as an electronic multiplexer,as an address decoder, and in other ways that may occur to those ofskill in the art.

In the method of FIG. 6, the transmitting device (104) instructs (602)the translation device, that is, the translation device (107) thatincludes a data communications switch (320), to set the switch to directcommunications from the transmitting device (104) to a receiving device(110) through the translation device (107) that includes the datacommunications switch (302). In the method of FIG. 6, the transmittingdevice (104) can instruct the translation device (107) that includes aswitch (320) to direct communications from the transmitting device to aparticular receiving device by, for example, sending the translationdevice a target device instruction (604). A target device instruction(604) is a data communications message (604) instructing the translationdevice that any data communications received from the transmittingdevice should be directed to an identified receiving device untilfurther notice. Such an instruction can include, for example, thenetwork address or other identifier of a targeted receiving device(110).

For further explanation, FIG. 7 sets forth a flow chart illustrating afurther example method of data communications among electronic deviceswithin a computer according to embodiments of the present invention. Themethod of FIG. 7 is similar to the method of FIG. 2, including as itdoes transmitting (202) data communications to the first translationdevice, translating (204) the data communications by the firsttranslation device, transmitting (206) the data communications to thesecond translation device, translating (208) the data communications bythe second translation device, and transmitting (210) the datacommunications by the second translation device. The example method ofFIG. 7, also like the method of FIG. 2, typically is implemented on acomputer (152) similar to the one described above with reference toFIG. 1. In the method of FIG. 4, however, advising (702), the firsttranslation device (106) by the second translation device (108), thatthe second translation device, at the behest of the transmitting device(104), and the receiving device (110) both hold low a signal level on awireline data communications bus (214) between the second translationdevice and the receiving device. The second translation device (108) candetermine that the receiving device (110) is holding the signal level onsuch a wireline data communications bus (214) low by, for example,monitoring the voltage level across the wireline bus (214). A receivingdevice (110) may pull the wireline bus (214) low, for example, tostretch a clock period when the receiving device is not yet ready toreceive additional data communications. Upon determining that thereceiving device (110) is holding the signal level low, the secondtranslation device can advise (702) the first translation device (106)that the receiving device (110) is holding the signal level low by, forexample, sending a message to first translation device (106).

The method of FIG. 7 also includes holding (704) low, by the firsttranslation device (106), a corresponding wireline (213) between thefirst translation device and the transmitting device (104) until thesecond translation device (108) advises that the receiving device (110)no longer holds low the wireline (214) between the second translationdevice and the receiving device. By holding low the wireline (213)between the first translation device and the transmitting device (104),the first translation device (106) advises the transmitting device (104)to hold data communications for the remainder of the stretched clockperiod. The first translation device (214) will hold the wireline lowuntil the second translation device (108) advises the first translationdevice (106) that the receiving device (110) no longer holds low thewireline (214) between the second translation device and the receivingdevice. The first translation device can be advised that the receivingdevice (110) no longer holds low the wireline (214) between the secondtranslation device and the receiving device, for example, by receiving amessage from the second translating device (108). As such, the receivingdevice will not receive additional data communications until thereceiving device no longer holds the signal low, thereby indicating thatthe receiving device is ready to receive data communications.

In view of the explanations set forth above, readers will recognize thatthe benefits of data communications among electronic devices within acomputer according to embodiments of the present invention include:

-   -   Because each transmitting and receiving device in the present        application is connected directly to a translation device,        wireline bus topologies are simplified as each wireline may        connects a reduced number of devices—optionally as little as two        devices, a translation device and a transmitting or receiving        device. As such, there is reduced failure across wireline busses        in the present application and communication between        transmitting devices and receiving devices becomes more reliable        given that wireless communications are reliable and the wireline        communications are less prone to failure than in a system in        which all devices are connected by a wireline bus.    -   The topology of wireline connections to and from transmitting        and receiving devices that communicate according to embodiments        of the present invention is greatly simplified for a same number        of communicating devices. An entire wireline network is now        interspersed with wireless segments, resulting in wireline        topologies that, from the perspective of the transmitting and        receiving devices, often can appear as a single wireline        connection. The risk of failure in complex wireline topologies        that connect many devices with multiple drops, tees, and        switches is greatly reduced.    -   Transmitting and receiving devices that communicate data        according to embodiments of the present invention can occupy the        entire address space of a wireline data communications        protocol—unlike prior art communications among devices within a        computer where transmitting device could drive through a complex        wireline topology receiving devices whose addresses occupy even        a substantial portion of the address space supported by a        protocol, much less the entire address space.

Example embodiments of the present invention are described largely inthe context of a fully functional computer system for datacommunications among electronic devices within a computer. Readers ofskill in the art will recognize, however, that the present inventionalso may be embodied in a computer program product disposed on signalbearing media for use with any suitable data processing system. Suchsignal bearing media may be transmission media or recordable media formachine-readable information, including magnetic media, optical media,or other suitable media. Examples of recordable media include magneticdisks in hard drives or diskettes, compact disks for optical drives,magnetic tape, and others as will occur to those of skill in the art.Examples of transmission media include telephone networks for voicecommunications and digital data communications networks such as, forexample, Ethernets™ and networks that communicate with the InternetProtocol and the World Wide Web as well as wireless transmission mediasuch as, for example, networks implemented according to the IEEE 802.11family of specifications. Persons skilled in the art will immediatelyrecognize that any computer system having suitable programming meanswill be capable of executing the steps of the method of the invention asembodied in a program product. Persons skilled in the art will recognizeimmediately that, although some of the example embodiments described inthis specification are oriented to software installed and executing oncomputer hardware, nevertheless, alternative embodiments implemented asfirmware or as hardware are well within the scope of the presentinvention.

It will be understood from the foregoing description that modificationsand changes may be made in various embodiments of the present inventionwithout departing from its true spirit. The descriptions in thisspecification are for purposes of illustration only and are not to beconstrued in a limiting sense. The scope of the present invention islimited only by the language of the following claims.

1. A method of data communications among electronic devices within acomputer, the method comprising: transmitting, from a transmittingdevice to a first translation device, data communications encodedaccording to an unreliable wireline data communications protocol, thetransmitting device and the first translation device comprisingelectronic components of the computer, the transmitting device coupledfor data communications to the first translation device by a wirelinedata communications bus; translating, by the first translation device,the data communications from the encoding of the unreliable wirelinedata communications protocol to an encoding of a reliable wireless datacommunications protocol; transmitting, by the first translation deviceto a second translation device, the data communications according to thereliable wireless data communications protocol; translating, by thesecond translation device, the data communications from the encoding ofthe reliable wireless data communications protocol to the encoding ofthe unreliable wireline data communications protocol; and transmitting,by the second translation device to a receiving device, the datacommunications according to the unreliable wireline data communicationsprotocol, the receiving device and the second translation devicecomprising electronic components of the computer, the receiving devicecoupled for data communications to the second translation device by awireline data communications bus.
 2. The method of claim 1 wherein: theunreliable wireline data communications protocol is the Inter-IntegratedCircuit (‘I²C’) protocol, the reliable wireless data communicationsprotocol is the Wireless Universal Serial Bus (‘WUSB’) protocol, and thewireline data communications bus is an I²C bus; the transmitting deviceis an I²C master device and the receiving device is an I²C slave device;the first translation device exposes an I²C slave interface to thetransmitting device and the second translation device exposes an I²Cmaster interface to the receiving device; and the first translationdevice exposes a WUSB hub interface to the second translation device andthe second translation device exposes a WUSB spoke interface to thefirst translation device.
 3. The method of claim 1 wherein: theunreliable wireline data communications protocol is the Inter-IntegratedCircuit (‘I²C’) protocol, the reliable wireless data communicationsprotocol is the Wireless Universal Serial Bus (‘WUSB’) protocol, and thewireline data communications buses are I²C buses; transmitting datacommunications from a transmitting device to a first translation devicefurther comprises transmitting communications from a transmitting deviceto a first translation device according to the I²C protocol; translatingthe data communications from the encoding of the unreliable wirelinedata communications protocol to an encoding of a reliable wireless datacommunications protocol further comprises translating the datacommunications from an I²C encoding to a wireless USB encoding;transmitting the data communications by the first translation device toa second translation device further comprises transmitting the datacommunications by the first translation device to a second translationdevice according to the WUSB protocol; translating the datacommunications from the encoding of the reliable wireless datacommunications protocol to the encoding of the unreliable wireline datacommunications protocol further comprises translating the datacommunications from the WUSB encoding to the I²C encoding; andtransmitting the data communications by the second translation device toa receiving device further comprises transmitting the datacommunications by the second translation device to a receiving deviceaccording to the I²C protocol.
 4. The method of claim 1 wherein: theencoding of the unreliable wireline protocol comprises an encoding ofdigital bits as signal level transitions; the encoding of the reliablewireless protocol comprises an encoding of digital bits as digitalvalues; translating, by the first translation device, the datacommunications from the encoding of the unreliable wireline protocol toan encoding of a reliable wireless protocol further comprisestranslating signal level transitions of the unreliable wireline protocolinto digital values of the reliable wireless protocol; and translating,by the second translation device, the data communications from theencoding of the reliable wireless protocol to the encoding of theunreliable wireline protocol further comprises translating digitalvalues of the reliable wireless protocol into signal level transitionsof the unreliable wireline protocol.
 5. The method of claim 1 wherein:at least one of the translation devices includes a data communicationsswitch, the translation device that includes a data communicationsswitch connected to a plurality of receiving devices that include thereceiving device, each of the plurality of receiving devices separatelyconnected to the translating device by a separate wireline datacommunications bus; and the method further comprises the transmittingdevice's instructing the translation device that includes a datacommunications switch to set the switch to direct communications fromthe transmitting device to the receiving device through the translationdevice that includes the data communications switch.
 6. The method ofclaim 1 further comprising: advising, the first translation device bythe second translation device, that the second translation device, atthe behest of the transmitting device, and the receiving device bothhold low a signal level on a wireline between the second translationdevice and the receiving device; and holding low, by the firsttranslation device, a corresponding wireline between the firsttranslation device and the transmitting device until the secondtranslation device advises that the receiving device no longer holds lowthe wireline between the second translation device and the receivingdevice.
 7. Apparatus for data communications among electronic deviceswithin a computer, the apparatus comprising a computer processor, acomputer memory operatively coupled to the computer processor, theapparatus capable of: transmitting, from a transmitting device to afirst translation device, data communications encoded according to anunreliable wireline data communications protocol, the transmittingdevice and the first translation device comprising electronic componentsof the computer, the transmitting device coupled for data communicationsto the first translation device by a wireline data communications bus;translating, by the first translation device, the data communicationsfrom the encoding of the unreliable wireline data communicationsprotocol to an encoding of a reliable wireless data communicationsprotocol; transmitting, by the first translation device to a secondtranslation device, the data communications according to the reliablewireless data communications protocol; translating, by the secondtranslation device, the data communications from the encoding of thereliable wireless data communications protocol to the encoding of theunreliable wireline data communications protocol; and transmitting, bythe second translation device to a receiving device, the datacommunications according to the unreliable wireline data communicationsprotocol, the receiving device and the second translation devicecomprising electronic components of the computer, the receiving devicecoupled for data communications to the second translation device by awireline data communications bus.
 8. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein:the unreliable wireline data communications protocol is theInter-Integrated Circuit (‘I²C’) protocol, the reliable wireless datacommunications protocol is the Wireless Universal Serial Bus (‘WUSB’)protocol, and the wireline data communications bus is an I²C bus; thetransmitting device is an I²C master device and the receiving device isan I²C slave device; the first translation device exposes an I²C slaveinterface to the transmitting device and the second translation deviceexposes an I²C master interface to the receiving device; and the firsttranslation device exposes a WUSB hub interface to the secondtranslation device and the second translation device exposes a WUSBspoke interface to the first translation device.
 9. The apparatus ofclaim 7 wherein: the unreliable wireline data communications protocol isthe Inter-Integrated Circuit (‘I²C’) protocol, the reliable wirelessdata communications protocol is the Wireless Universal Serial Bus(‘WUSB’) protocol, and the wireline data communications buses are I²Cbuses; transmitting data communications from a transmitting device to afirst translation device further comprises transmitting communicationsfrom a transmitting device to a first translation device according tothe I²C protocol; translating the data communications from the encodingof the unreliable wireline data communications protocol to an encodingof a reliable wireless data communications protocol further comprisestranslating the data communications from an I²C encoding to a wirelessUSB encoding; transmitting the data communications by the firsttranslation device to a second translation device further comprisestransmitting the data communications by the first translation device toa second translation device according to the WUSB protocol; translatingthe data communications from the encoding of the reliable wireless datacommunications protocol to the encoding of the unreliable wireline datacommunications protocol further comprises translating the datacommunications from the WUSB encoding to the I²C encoding; andtransmitting the data communications by the second translation device toa receiving device further comprises transmitting the datacommunications by the second translation device to a receiving deviceaccording to the I²C protocol.
 10. The apparatus of claim 7 wherein: theencoding of the unreliable wireline protocol comprises an encoding ofdigital bits as signal level transitions; the encoding of the reliablewireless protocol comprises an encoding of digital bits as digitalvalues; translating, by the first translation device, the datacommunications from the encoding of the unreliable wireline protocol toan encoding of a reliable wireless protocol further comprisestranslating signal level transitions of the unreliable wireline protocolinto digital values of the reliable wireless protocol; and translating,by the second translation device, the data communications from theencoding of the reliable wireless protocol to the encoding of theunreliable wireline protocol further comprises translating digitalvalues of the reliable wireless protocol into signal level transitionsof the unreliable wireline protocol.
 11. The apparatus of claim 7wherein: at least one of the translation devices includes a datacommunications switch, the translation device that includes a datacommunications switch connected to a plurality of receiving devices thatinclude the receiving device, each of the plurality of receiving devicesseparately connected to the translating device by a separate wirelinedata communications bus; and the method further comprises thetransmitting device's instructing the translation device that includes adata communications switch to set the switch to direct communicationsfrom the transmitting device to the receiving device through thetranslation device that includes the data communications switch.
 12. Theapparatus of claim 7, wherein the apparatus is further capable of:advising, the first translation device by the second translation device,that the second translation device, at the behest of the transmittingdevice, and the receiving device both hold low a signal level on awireline between the second translation device and the receiving device;and holding low, by the first translation device, a correspondingwireline between the first translation device and the transmittingdevice until the second translation device advises that the receivingdevice no longer holds low the wireline between the second translationdevice and the receiving device.
 13. A computer program product for datacommunications among electronic devices within a computer, the computerprogram product disposed in a computer readable, signal bearing medium,the computer program product comprising computer program instructionscapable of: transmitting, from a transmitting device to a firsttranslation device, data communications encoded according to anunreliable wireline data communications protocol, the transmittingdevice and the first translation device comprising electronic componentsof a computer, the transmitting device coupled for data communicationsto the first translation device by a wireline data communications bus;translating, by the first translation device, the data communicationsfrom the encoding of the unreliable wireline data communicationsprotocol to an encoding of a reliable wireless data communicationsprotocol; transmitting, by the first translation device to a secondtranslation device, the data communications according to the reliablewireless data communications protocol; translating, by the secondtranslation device, the data communications from the encoding of thereliable wireless data communications protocol to the encoding of theunreliable wireline data communications protocol; and transmitting, bythe second translation device to a receiving device, the datacommunications according to the unreliable wireline data communicationsprotocol, the receiving device and the second translation devicecomprising electronic components of the computer, the receiving devicecoupled for data communications to the second translation device by awireline data communications bus.
 14. The computer program product ofclaim 13 wherein the signal bearing medium comprises a recordablemedium.
 15. The computer program product of claim 13 wherein the signalbearing medium comprises a transmission medium.
 16. The computer programproduct of claim 13 wherein: the unreliable wireline data communicationsprotocol is the Inter-Integrated Circuit (‘I²C’) protocol, the reliablewireless data communications protocol is the Wireless Universal SerialBus (‘WUSB’) protocol, and the wireline data communications bus is anI²C bus; the transmitting device is an I²C master device and thereceiving device is an I²C slave device; the first translation deviceexposes an I²C slave interface to the transmitting device and the secondtranslation device exposes an I²C master interface to the receivingdevice; and the first translation device exposes a WUSB hub interface tothe second translation device and the second translation device exposesa WUSB spoke interface to the first translation device.
 17. The computerprogram product of claim 13 wherein: the unreliable wireline datacommunications protocol is the Inter-Integrated Circuit (‘I²C’)protocol, the reliable wireless data communications protocol is theWireless Universal Serial Bus (‘WUSB’) protocol, and the wireline datacommunications buses are I²C buses; transmitting data communicationsfrom a transmitting device to a first translation device furthercomprises transmitting communications from a transmitting device to afirst translation device according to the I²C protocol; translating thedata communications from the encoding of the unreliable wireline datacommunications protocol to an encoding of a reliable wireless datacommunications protocol further comprises translating the datacommunications from an I²C encoding to a wireless USB encoding;transmitting the data communications by the first translation device toa second translation device further comprises transmitting the datacommunications by the first translation device to a second translationdevice according to the WUSB protocol; translating the datacommunications from the encoding of the reliable wireless datacommunications protocol to the encoding of the unreliable wireline datacommunications protocol further comprises translating the datacommunications from the WUSB encoding to the I²C encoding; andtransmitting the data communications by the second translation device toa receiving device further comprises transmitting the datacommunications by the second translation device to a receiving deviceaccording to the I²C protocol.
 18. The computer program product of claim13 wherein: the encoding of the unreliable wireline protocol comprisesan encoding of digital bits as signal level transitions; the encoding ofthe reliable wireless protocol comprises an encoding of digital bits asdigital values; translating, by the first translation device, the datacommunications from the encoding of the unreliable wireline protocol toan encoding of a reliable wireless protocol further comprisestranslating signal level transitions of the unreliable wireline protocolinto digital values of the reliable wireless protocol; and translating,by the second translation device, the data communications from theencoding of the reliable wireless protocol to the encoding of theunreliable wireline protocol further comprises translating digitalvalues of the reliable wireless protocol into signal level transitionsof the unreliable wireline protocol.
 19. The computer program product ofclaim 13 wherein: at least one of the translation devices includes adata communications switch, the translation device that includes a datacommunications switch connected to a plurality of receiving devices thatinclude the receiving device, each of the plurality of receiving devicesseparately connected to the translating device by a separate wirelinedata communications bus; and the computer program product furthercomprises computer program instructions capable of causing thetransmitting device to instruct the translation device that includes adata communications switch to set the switch to direct communicationsfrom the transmitting device to the receiving device through thetranslation device that includes the data communications switch.
 20. Thecomputer program product of claim 13 further comprising computer programinstructions capable of: advising, the first translation device by thesecond translation device, that the second translation device, at thebehest of the transmitting device, and the receiving device both holdlow a signal level on a wireline between the second translation deviceand the receiving device; and holding low, by the first translationdevice, a corresponding wireline between the first translation deviceand the transmitting device until the second translation device advisesthat the receiving device no longer holds low the wireline between thesecond translation device and the receiving device.